LEGEND OF CIVIL

 Toposheet No. 64b/5 & 64b/9  Download  

Hey guys,  I'm gonna share my academic project. You can download this PDF of the G+2 Residential building design.                                                       Download  

 why the Ballastless track or slab track only used in tunnels in bridges? Ballastless track or slab track is only used in tunnels, bridges, and sometimes in railway platforms because slab track systems require stable subsoil basically free of settlement in order to perform adequately. The substructure of the slab track must be down to a depth of 2.5m below the bearing plate by special earthwork treatment that increases the cost and drainage problem is also issue to perform the Ballastless track that's why Ballastless track not used in the open rail track.   

The use of AAC bricks in school buildings will be a good idea to make school buildings more economical in terms of saving time. there are the following advantages of the ACC block. AAC block is eco-friendly. AAC block dead load is less and it reduces the quantity of cement and steel at the time of structural design. More economical than brick if we compare with  bricks although initial cost of AAC block is little bit high. AC block has high thermal and sound insulating properties                                Due to its various advantages, it can be used in the school building to complete building on time and make building more economical.  In India, there is no such case that we can not use it in the school buildings. We obviously can use it for the school building.   

Ballastless Track Ballastless track or slab track is a type of track system construct without using ballast. We are using mines waste as railway track ballast having various advantages but at a certain limit. like The ballasted track requires a low investment cost. The ballasted track is usually easy to lay. The ballasted track has good drainage performance.  Good quality track ballast is made of  crushed stone                                  Ballastless Track (BLT) in india Made of concrete and asphalt that are replacing standard ballast track. Due to the use of concrete it becomes very stiff and brittle. to obtained elasticity we generally provide elastic pad below the rail. There are two types of concrete are going to using in Rheda 2000. Precast Sleepers In situ Concrete  Precast Sleepers It is made-up of Semi Pre cast Bi Block sleepers which consist of two blocks linked with ea...

The design of RCC slab is the most critical thing to design. So let's look one by one how to design them all Type of Slab: It is important to identify the type of slab so that to proceed with the design. while we discuss types of slabs it generally comes to your mind that it would be one way or two. but we don't consider it a support condition. it very easy to identify to support the condition of the slab so that we can find the moment accordingly. Support condition of the slab: As we see in the above picture slab is just supported by their ends. Now if you follow IS456 for a design that You can simply get the moment as wl2/8 or 0.125wl2. If you follow Table 26 of IS456 then this will be the maximum value of moment (ax, ay > 0.125). Continuous Slab: Having more than three support is called a continuous slab. If you see in the picture 9 slab is theirs. Continuous something related to its edge conditions. if we consider slab.1 it two edges are not continuous and two edges are ...

What's wrong with cement which is a highly used material in the construction industry.  cement has good binding properties than other binding materials like if we compare with lime. so let's go to know two major regions which insist us to find out other alternatives. CO 2    Emission :  About 1.35 billion tons made per year Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is typically used in the production of concrete as a binder.  In the production of OPC carbon dioxide (CO2) is also produced.   OPC is responsible for approximately 7% of the total CO2 emissions released into the atmosphere per year worldwide. so d ue to many environmental concerns, the need to develop a new, sustainable alternative for OPC is needed. Workability :  Another problem faced by OPC concrete is related to its durability issues. OPC has a relatively high permeability, thus allowing water and other harmful media to penetrate concrete, causing corrosion and carbonation proble...